LEEP conization is an operation to cut out a cone-shaped part of the cervix. Once removed, the tissue can be tested for precancerous cells, cervical dysplasia (cervical intraepithelial neoplasia). Cervical dysplasia is not malignant, but can lead to cervical cancer over time if left untreated. LEEP conization supports early diagnosis and prevention of cervical cancer. Specialists recommend LEEP conization after a pap smear or colposcopic biopsy that confirms the presence of abnormal cells in the cervix. Colposcopy is a non-invasive procedure in which a microscope-like device magnifies the cervix to make the abnormal growth easier to detect. LEEP conization is used to diagnose and treat cervical dysplasia and conditions such as genital warts and polyps. It is not recommended to perform the procedure in the presence of acute pelvic inflammatory disease or inflammation of the cervix (cervicitis). Before performing the procedure, a pregnancy test is required. In the absence of contraindications, the procedure is ideally scheduled one week after the end of menstruation. Before performing the procedure, specialists recommend: Avoiding intercourse or using vaginal creams or douches 24 hours before the procedure. Stopping medications that affect blood clotting, such as anticoagulants or aspirin. Taking a painkiller 30 minutes before the procedure. LEEP conization is a procedure that can be performed in an outpatient setting. The advantages of LEEP conization over classical conization include faster recovery and less trauma to the cervix, making the method more suitable for nulliparous patients. The procedure begins much like a regular pelvic exam. Although the patients remained awake during the procedure, they reported only minor discomfort.. A grounding pad was placed on the patients thigh to protect against the electricity used during the procedure. A very dilute solution of acetic acid or Lugol’s (iodine) solution is used to stain the abnormal cells. Local anesthesia is used for pain relief. During the injection, some women report a tingling tongue, ringing in the ears, or a fast heart rate. If this happens, it only lasts a few minutes. During the procedure, the patient must remain completely still. The removed tissue will later be tested for cancer or abnormal cells. After the procedure, the specialist applies a medicated paste to the area to stop and prevent bleeding. The procedure takes 10 to 20 minutes. LEEP conization is a very safe procedure. Complications are rare and the procedure can be performed without general anesthesia. As with any surgical intervention, there is a risk of infection or bleeding.LEEP conization can weaken the cervix, leading to preterm labor in subsequent pregnancies. LEEP is a safe and effective way to prevent cervical cancer. The success rate is excellent, with a 90% cure rate. The success of LEEP depends on a variety of factors, including how advanced the cervical dysplasia is and how much tissue needs to be removed. References: 1. Bogani G, DI Donato V, Sopracordevole F, et al. Recurrence rate after loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP) and laser conization: A 5-year follow-up study. (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32893030/#:~:text=Five%2Dyear%20recurrence%20rate%20was,LEEP%20(p%20%3D%200.001%29.) Gynecol Oncol 2. Martin‐Hirsch PPL, Bryant A, Dickinson HO.Cochrane Database. of Systematic Reviews 3. Pirtea L, Grigoraş D, Matusz P, et al. Age and HPV type as risk factors for HPV persistence after loop excision: an observational study (https://www.ncbi .nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5053130/) BMC Surg.