In modern oncological statistics, cervical cancer ranks second among malignant diseases in women between the ages of 15 and 59 in Bulgaria. About 1000-1200 cases are diagnosed in our country every year. Many of these women can be treated successfully if detected at an early stage. When cervical cancer is untreatable it is possible to limit progression, prolong life and relieve symptoms such as pain and vaginal bleeding. It is a malignant tumor that starts from the cervix and can involve the organs of the pelvis, spleen or liver, and bones. Although rare, metastases may be found in the heart, brain, muscles, or other organs. It is caused by the human papilloma virus, of which there are more than 100 types. The infection is most often transmitted sexually, and the body usually manages to fight it off. Among the risk factors are smoking, diabetes, early onset of sexual life, long-term use of oral contraceptives, different sexual partners. Cancer is often asymptomatic in its early stages, so it is recommended that women over 30 monitor changes in their body and visit a gynecologist regularly. Young girls have the opportunity to get vaccinated against cervical cancer before they start having sex or at the age of 9-13. In some European countries, vaccination is also offered to boys, as men are carriers of the virus, can infect their partners and can also develop one of the diseases associated with HPV.
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