Like bleeding after intercourse or the so-called postcoital bleeding means spotting or bleeding that occurs during or immediately after sexual intercourse. Postcoital bleeding occurs among young girls and women of reproductive age, as well as among pregnant and menopausal women. In most cases, the causes are benign and do not cause concern. However, prolonged and profuse postcoital bleeding may be a symptom of malignancy and should not be ignored. About 9% of women of reproductive age experience bleeding after intercourse. However, the percentage of women experiencing a single, light spotting after sex is much higher, but this type of post-coital bleeding is not a problem and cause for concern. The reasons for the occurrence of postcoital bleeding are quite diverse. We will look at the main causes leading to bleeding after intercourse, divided according to age group and the different physiological periods of each woman’s life: 1. Postcoital bleeding among young girls and women of reproductive age – intercourse immediately after the end of menstruation is common, harmless cause of the condition. Risk factors that predispose to bleeding after sexual contact are starting to have sex at an early age, multiple sexual partners, avoiding the use of condoms, taking oral contraceptives, etc. One of the most common causes of postcoital bleeding is inflammation of the cervix – cervicitis. The condition can occur as a result of a serious sexually transmitted disease such as trichomoniasis, chlamydial infection, etc. In addition to the cervix, the substrate of bleeding can be the uterus and vagina, respectively, in the inflammatory diseases of endometritis and vaginitis. Usually, the inflammatory process is accompanied by pain, burning and redness of the relevant area, pain and burning when urinating, the appearance of vaginal discharge with a characteristic color and smell, pelvic pain, etc. Polyps – cervical and endometrial – can also be the cause of bleeding after intercourse. These are benign formations, formations resulting from growth of the mucous membrane of the cervix and the endometrium. Although in a large percentage of cases they are asymptomatic, they can manifest with postcoital bleeding. In women of reproductive age, the so-called often occurs. cervical ectopia – growth of cylindrical epithelium from the endocervix in the area of ​​the exocervix, where normally the epithelium is multilayered flat neurogenic. The condition can lead to bleeding during intercourse. A cytological examination of the transformation zone is necessary to determine the therapeutic scheme. Prolapse (dropping) of pelvic organs into the vagina can also cause postcoital bleeding. Serious causes that lead to heavier and more frequent bleeding after intercourse are cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and cervical carcinoma.CIN is a precancer – an abnormal growth of morphologically altered epithelial cells. There are three grades of CIN – mild, moderate and severe – that can progress to cervical carcinoma. Cervical cancer is the most serious and severe cause of postcoital bleeding. 2. Postcoital bleeding during pregnancy – in the first week after fertilization, light spotting may occur, coinciding with the period of embryo implantation. However, heavy bleeding after intercourse can be a sign of an ectopic pregnancy or a miscarriage. The occurrence of such bleeding during the second and third trimesters should never be ignored, as it may be associated with serious conditions such as placenta previa, placental abruption or premature birth. 3. Postcoital Bleeding Among Menopausal Women – Decreased production of estrogens among menopausal women leads to decreased secretion of vaginal lubricious glands and decreased tissue elasticity, resulting in vaginal dryness and pain and bleeding during intercourse. Vaginal dryness is also observed among patients with Sjögren’s syndrome. The condition can be corrected with the use of water-based lubricants and the administration of local or systemic estrogens. Bleeding after intercourse can be a symptom of a variety of conditions. Occasional, light bleeding is usually not a serious problem, but more frequent, heavy post-coital bleeding should not be ignored and should be treated according to the underlying cause.