Pelvic inflammatory disease is usually the result of an ascending infection from the cervix, causing inflammation of the internal genital organs – endometritis, slappingitis, patametritis, oophoritis, tuboovarian abscess. The causative agents of the disease are microorganisms such as Neisseria gonorrheae and Chlamydia trachomatis, but polymicrobial genesis is not excluded. Factors that increase the risks of pelvic inflammatory disease are young age, a history of a previous sexually transmitted disease, and having multiple partners. Medical instrumental intervention in the uterus is also a risk factor for infection in the internal genital organs, such as after hysterosalpingography, instrumental termination of pregnancy and placement of an intrauterine spiral. Pelvic inflammatory disease develops over time. During this period, the inflammatory process ascends and affects more and more structures in the pelvis. Inflammation leads to local changes, stimulation of fibrotic processes and the formation of adhesions in hollow organs. This disease can occur without cardinal symptoms, and if there are, they are not specific. Dull, usually bilateral pain in the lower abdomen and pain during intercourse (dyspareunia) are signs of the disease. Contact bleeding in young women can also be a symptom of the disease. This is bleeding during instrumental examination or after sex. A change in normal fluorine is also a sign of a change in the physiology of the reproductive system. Long-term non-treatment of inflammatory diseases of the genital organs can lead to serious complications. The inflammatory process can be ignited, organized. This is how a tuboovarian abscess is formed. With him, the general condition worsens, the temperature rises, the pains in the abdomen become diffuse, stronger and constant. Transvaginal ultrasound is the method that can be useful in diagnosing tuboovarian abscess. NEWS_MORE_BOX The inflammation can extend beyond the pelvis and spread to the liver. Adhesions (adhesions) are formed on the capsule of the organ, which pull it, and thus dull pains can be felt on the right. This is called Fitz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome. The resulting adhesions along the course of the internal genital organs reduce the possibility of pregnancy. Pelvic inflammatory disease is one of the common causes of infertility in women. The risk of infertility increases with each subsequent episode of the disease. The set of symptoms, a thorough gynecological examination and testing for sexually transmitted diseases are the basis for the correct diagnosis. Proper treatment of pelvic inflammatory disease reduces the possibility of complications. It is usually an antibiotic. Justified regimens are doxycycline 100 mg twice daily and metronidazole 400 mg twice daily for 14 days. Alternative regimens include a different administration or dosage of the antibiotic medication.It is also important for the correct treatment that the partner/s take an antibiotic as well.