What is hydrocelectomy? A hydrocele is a collection of fluid between the membranes (between the two leaves of the processus vaginalis) of the testicle. The condition causes swelling of the scrotum (scrotum) – the sac that contains the testicles (testicles). Hydrocele arises from an imbalance in the secretion and reabsorption of fluid from the serous shell of the testis (tunica vaginalis testis) into the scrotal bag. A hydrocelectomy is an operation to remove or correct a hydrocele. Bilateral hydrocelectomy may be necessary when there is a hydrocele affecting both testicles. “Bilateral” means that the condition affects both the left and right testicles. A hydrocele usually does not cause pain and sometimes gets better without treatment. However, the patient should immediately discuss any abnormality in his scrotum with a doctor, as the disorder may be a sign of a more serious problem. When is hydrocelectomy performed? Hydrocelectomy is required in cases where the testicle reaches large sizes and the condition does not go away on its own. A hydrocelectomy can be performed on any patient with a hydrocele, regardless of age. Why is hydrocelectomy performed? In newborns, hydrocelectomy focuses on closing the processus vaginalis, which occurs naturally before birth. In adolescents or adults, surgery may be required when the swelling in the testicle caused by a hydrocele is painful, embarrassing, or growing in size. Hydrocelectomy is a relatively common procedure. About 10% of all baby boys are born with a hydrocele. A hydrocele often goes away on its own. If a hydrocele occurs after 12 months of age, a hydrocelectomy is usually required. About 1% of adult men develop a hydrocele. What happens before a hydrocelectomy? Before hydrocelectomy, consultation with a specialist (urologist) who assesses the patient’s general state of health is necessary. Vital signs (temperature, pulse and blood pressure) are also measured. It is necessary to inform the doctor about any previous injuries, infections or operations that the patient has had in the area of ??his genitals or groin. In addition, the practitioner should be informed of all prescription and over-the-counter medications the patient is taking, including herbal supplements. Aspirin, anti-inflammatory drugs, and some herbal supplements can increase the risk of bleeding. References: 1. American Academy of Pediatrics. Communicating Hydrocele 2. American Urological Association. What are Hydroceles and Inguinal Hernias 3. Hackam DJ, Upperman J, Grikscheit T, et al. Pediatric Surgery. In: Brunicardi F, Andersen DK, Billiar TR, et al., eds. Schwartz’s Principles of Surgery, 11th Edition 4. Kapur P, Caty MG, Glick PL. Pediatric hernias and hydroceles