The laparoscopic procedure or the so-called “bloodless operations” are minimally invasive surgical interventions. The amount of blood lost during the procedure is negligible compared to open surgery. Laparoscopy is a method by which the organs of the reproductive system, which are located in the abdominal cavity and pelvis – uterus, fallopian tubes and ovaries – can be examined and treated. The use of laparoscopy in the field of gynecology has a diagnostic and surgical role. Laparoscopic procedures are mostly performed under general anesthesia. Through small incisions located along the anterior abdominal wall, the instruments necessary for the intervention are introduced. The incisions are about 0.5 – 1 cm long, and their closure after the end of the laparoscopy is usually with one stitch. Some of the instruments that are introduced into the abdominal cavity provide visualization and illumination of the field of operation. Through another instrument, carbon dioxide is introduced, the function of which is to inflate and expand the abdominal cavity in order to make it easier to work. Depending on the reason for the laparoscopic procedure, a wide range of instruments can be used. Laparoscopic intervention is used for diagnostic and surgical purposes: 1. In the presence of sterility in a woman – after exhausting non-invasive methods for determining the causes, laparoscopy is the main method used. It can be used to check the patency of the fallopian tubes. Laparoscopy can be used for ectopic pregnancy – a pregnancy in which the fertilized egg does not develop in the uterine cavity, but outside it in an atypical place, most often the fallopian tubes. In this case, the minimally invasive method is a good option for removal and, in cases of timely detection. 2. Endometriosis – development of functioning endometrium outside the uterine cavity, is another condition in which the laparoscopic technique is very often used both for diagnosis and for surgical removal of endometrial tissue. A common complication is the development of “chocolate cysts” on the ovaries, which can be removed by laparoscopy. 3. In the presence of benign and malignant formations that are located on the outside of the uterus, they can also be removed by laparoscopic intervention. Hysteroscopy is a method used in modern obstetrics and gynecology practice in order to achieve a better visualization of the uterine cavity. In order to reach the uterine cavity, the instruments pass successively through the woman’s vagina and cervical canal. A suite of instruments provides illumination, visualizes the cavity on a monitor, and administers carbon dioxide are inflation. Hysteroscopy is used both for diagnostic purposes and to perform surgical intervention: NEWS_MORE_BOX 1. Hysteroscopy can be used to determine the cause of infertility.By examining the uterine cavity, polyps or submucosal myomas can be found, which are the cause of repeated abortions. 2. Prolonged and irregular uterine bleeding is one of the most common problems for which hysteroscopy is used for diagnosis and treatment. The reason for their appearance may be the presence of polyps or myoma nodes. Their removal can also be done through hysteroscopy. 3. In the presence of congenital abnormalities of the uterus – septum (partition), hysteroscopy can be used to restore the defect. The septum is usually located medially in the uterine cavity and can have different lengths, including completely dividing the uterine cavity and the cervical canal into two parts. Congenital abnormalities of the uterine cavity may be at the root of a fertility problem.