Colpitis (white vaginal discharge) is the most common gynecological disease. Every second patient seeking gynecological care has colitis. Colpitia occurs from childhood to old age. However, due to the fact that the most common causes are sexually transmitted, the disease predominates in younger, sexually active women. Most colpitis is due to infectious agents. The most common infectious agents are: Yeast-like fungi (most often candida albicans); Microorganisms (Trichomonas vaginalis); Bacteria – Gardnerella vaginalis in association with intestinal flora; Viruses (herpes viruses – HSV1 and HSV2) Candidomycotic infection This is the leading cause of colpitis. Most often, it is due to long-term therapy with antibiotics, oral hormonal contraceptives, corticosteroids and, less often, immunosuppressants – drugs that sharply increase the risk of fungal infection. The causative agents are phytoparasites – yeast-like fungi, most often of the genus Candida. Colonization of the vagina with yeast-like fungi occurs in two ways – autogenous (from the anus – recto-vaginal contamination) and exogenous (from an infected sexual partner). Getting the fungus into the vagina is not yet contamination. They can be eliminated by natural defense mechanisms, but under certain conditions the fungi begin to multiply and the contamination turns into an infection. Such conditions can be: High glycogen content of the vagina during pregnancy, diabetes, oral hormonal contraceptives; Suppression of the normal vaginal flora (eg during antibiotic treatment); Reduced immune protection; The most common symptoms of yeast infection are itching, burning and inflammation of the vagina, often accompanied by pain during urination and sexual intercourse. Vaginal discharge is not always on the face and can be very light. It is a thick, whitish-gray discharge and looks like curdled milk, although it can be runny or very thick. NEWS_MORE_BOX Chronic mycotic pruritus Subjective complaints are of increased genital fluorine and genital pruritus. Objectively, the vaginal contents are purulent. The vaginal walls are diffusely reddened. Complaints are usually aggravated around the monthly cycle or after intercourse. It often turns out that the sexual partners of sick women suffer from the so-called contact balanitis (transient itching, redness of the head of the penis and of the foreskin after sexual intercourse). Trichomonal colpitis It refers to a typical sexually transmitted parasitosis. The disease is caused by the parasite Trichomonas vaginalis and is one of the most common inflammatory diseases of the vagina and one of the important gynecological problems. In acute trichomonal colpitis, the subjective symptoms are abundant watery genital discharge with an unpleasant odor, dysuric complaints and not so much pelvic pain as heaviness and an unpleasant sensation low down in the pelvis. Objectively, the vaginal contents are abundant,with a yellow-greenish color and very small air bubbles (“fizzy” vaginal contents). Bacterial colpitis It has been found that 60% of women with vaginal fluoride have a single gram-negative coccobacillus predominating in the vaginal contents. It is called Gardnerella vaginalis. In small quantities, it can be part of the normal flora of perfectly healthy women, but in pathological conditions it multiplies intensively. It enters into symbiosis with other microorganisms from the intestinal flora and becomes pathogenic. The main subjective complaint is soiling linen and bad-smelling intestinal fluoride. Objectively, the vaginal walls are red, and the vaginal contents are grayish and like a liquid film covers the vaginal walls. Senile colpitis It occurs in surgically or X-ray castrated women or after menopause. Hormonal deficiency leads to the disappearance of the normal microflora of the vagina, and it remains unprotected from any bacteria that get into it and cause infections. Viral colpitis They are caused by herpes viruses – HPV. They usually present with a sudden onset of profuse genital discharge against a background of general malaise, fever and pelvic discomfort.