Gynecological disorders sometimes begin acutely and require urgent surgical measures to be overcome. The condition of “acute surgical abdomen” in gynecological practice is associated with disorders in the organs of the reproductive system. The main complaints that are related and referring are severe, sudden pain in the abdominal area, which is very often accompanied by frequent urges to vomit. Women may report bloating – flatulence or, in more severe cases, fainting. Most common reasons that require urgent surgical intervention 1. Rupture – rupture of cysts formed as a result of endometriosis. Because this type of cyst contains blood, they are referred to as “chocolate cysts”. Endometriosis is a gynecological disorder in which endometrial tissue has formed outside the uterus, which functions as the endometrium of the uterine cavity. As a result of the rupture, the blood contained in the cyst is poured into the abdominal cavity. The amount of blood is not large, usually around 100 milliliters. Women often report soreness in the area where the cyst was located. In the case of rupture of a “chocolate cyst”, it is necessary to perform a laparoscopic operation and remove the affected area from the process of monometrosis. 2. Torsion – rotation around the axis. This complication most often occurs in ovarian tumors. Formed neoplasms of the ovaries, the most common of which are various types of cysts, may be attached to the surface of the ovary by means of a foot. In the composition of the link – leg, very often there are also blood vessels that supply blood to the neoplasm. NEWS_MORE_BOX As a result of the torsion, the blood supply is interrupted, which in turn can lead to edema and ruptures of the blood vessels in the composition of the neoplasm. The leakage of blood into the abdominal cavity is a prerequisite for the development of “acute surgical abdomen”. The condition often requires surgical intervention to remove the neoplasm. 3. Myoma of the uterus – a benign tumor, the origin of which is from the myometrium – the muscle layer involved in the construction of the uterine wall can also in some cases be on the leg. Torsion may also occur in these fibroid nodules, necessitating emergency surgery. 4. An ectopic pregnancy is any pregnancy in which the fertilized egg does not reach the uterine cavity and begins to develop outside it. Most often it remains to develop in the fallopian tubes, growing and increasing in size it can lead to rupture of the fallopian tube. 5. When performing intrauterine manipulation – curettage, insertion of an intrauterine spiral, abortion, infections from the external genital organs can be transferred to the internal ones. Most often, the inflammation affects the fallopian tubes and the ovaries located near them. Conditions in gynecological practice that require prompt surgical intervention usually begin suddenly with acute pain,which may involve the entire abdominal area or be localized low in the abdominal cavity. Regardless of the underlying cause of the condition, prompt diagnosis and prompt surgical intervention are essential.