Gestational trophoblastic disease is an extremely rare condition that develops from an abnormal pregnancy. With this disease, most women think they are pregnant and have a positive pregnancy test. The benign form of gestational trophoblastic disease is called molar pregnancy or molla hydatidosis. This includes an unusual pregnancy, which usually requires timely treatment. The disease is rare and affects about one in every 1,000 pregnant women. Many women treated for trophoblastic disease can subsequently have normal pregnancies. Gestational trophoblastic disease is the term given to a group of rare tumors that develop during the early stages of pregnancy. After conception, a woman’s body prepares for pregnancy by surrounding the newly fertilized egg or embryo with a layer of cells called the trophoblast. The trophoblast helps the embryo implant in the wall of the uterus. These cells also form much of the tissue that makes up the placenta, the organ that supplies nutrients to the developing fetus. In this disease, there are abnormal changes in trophoblast cells that cause the development of tumors. Most of these tumors are benign, but some have the potential to become malignant. Hydatidiform mole is also known as molar pregnancy. In molar pregnancy, there is a problem with the fertilized egg and there is an overproduction of trophoblastic tissue. This excess trophoblast tissue grows into abnormal masses that are usually benign but can sometimes become cancerous. There are two types of hydatid moles: Partial molar pregnancy. In this case, the fertilized egg contains the normal set of the mother’s DNA, but double the amount of the father’s DNA. Because of this, the embryo develops only partially and does not become a viable fetus. Full molar pregnancy. The fertilized egg lacks the mother’s DNA and instead has two sets of the father’s DNA, and no fetus formation occurs. There are several types of gestational trophoblastic neoplasia: Choriocarcinoma: This cancerous tumor forms in the uterus of a pregnant woman. Choriocarcinomas usually occur when growths from a molar pregnancy become cancerous. Rarely, choriocarcinomas form from tissue left in the uterus after a miscarriage or the birth of a healthy baby. Invasive mole: Trophoblast cells form an abnormal mass that grows in the muscle layer of the uterus. Placental Trophoblastic Tumor: This extremely rare, slow-growing tumor develops where the placenta attaches to the wall of the uterus. Trophoblastic tumors of the placental site are often not detected until years after a full-term pregnancy. Epithelioid trophoblastic tumor: The progression of this extremely rare tumor mimics that of trophoblastic tumor in a placental site. Be sure to consult a doctor if you experience any of the following symptoms: bleeding that is not related to menstruation,larger uterus than appropriate for gestational age, pain or feeling of fullness in the pelvic area, extreme bouts of nausea and vomiting. Specific treatment will be determined based on the patient’s general health and medical history, the extent and type of trophoblastic disease, the individual’s tolerance to specific drugs, procedures or therapies, the course of the disease, and whether the patient is planning other pregnancies. Treatment methods may include surgery to remove tumors or affected organs, chemotherapy, hysterectomy, or radiation therapy. Source: https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/conditions-and-diseases