Vaginal health depends on the presence of certain bacteria, such as Lactobacillus. This genus of bacteria is responsible for the production of lactic acid in the vagina. However, a new study shows that a low or high population of certain bacteria can be fatal for some women, but for others it is completely normal, experts say. The study could change the way conditions such as bacterial vaginosis are diagnosed and treated, in which the population of bacteria native to the vagina is thought to be disrupted. Women’s diganosis is given once, but experts believe that it is necessary to do several tests at an interval of weeks to determine whether the lower amount of Lactobacillus in the vagina is not normal for the woman. In this way, the unnecessary prescription of antibiotics and the treatment of non-existent bacterial vaginosis, which can be quite uncomfortable, unpleasant and accompanied by various side effects, will be reduced. It is important for women to be aware that high or low vaginal bacterial populations increase the risk of infections, but treatment is not necessarily required until a certain point, especially at certain times of life such as pregnancy. The study was published in the journal Science. Bacterial vaginosis is one of the most common causes of vaginitis and reasons for consultation with a gynecologist in an outpatient setting. Gardnerella vaginalis is mainly discussed as the cause of staining, but most specialists today are of the opinion that a wider range of bacteria is involved in the etiological aspect.