What is a scrotal cyst? Cysts are sac-like structures in the skin that usually contain fluid, pus, or gas. Cysts are relatively common and can occur anywhere on the body, including the scrotum. Fortunately, scrotal cysts are usually nothing to worry about. Most scrotal cysts are harmless and usually do not require treatment. However, it is important for men to be able to identify any lumps on the scrotum or testicles. Some lumps in the scrotum may be due to more serious causes that require treatment. Therefore, it is advisable to seek medical advice when noticing a lump in the testicular area. A scrotal cyst usually refers to an abnormal sac of fluid on or inside the scrotum. The scrotum is part of the male reproductive system and is a pouch of skin that sits under the penis and contains and protects the testicles and keeps them at the right temperature for semen production. In addition to the testicles, the scrotum also covers the epididymis (the epididymis). The epididymis is an appendage of the testicle that stores sperm and is a highly convoluted, worm-shaped tube attached to the tip of the testicle and its back. Fluid-filled scrotal cysts are a relatively common occurrence and tend to occur more often in older men. While most scrotal cysts are treatable and not serious, they are not the only cause of a scrotal lump, so men should consult a doctor if they notice any lumps or unusual symptoms around the scrotum. What types of scrotal cysts are there? A scrotal cyst most often turns out to be an epididymal cyst or sebaceous gland cyst. Epididymal Cyst Epididymal cysts are also called spermatocele or sperm cysts. Since a spermatocele, in addition to fluid, also contains sperm, these terms differ slightly. An epididymal cyst is a fluid-filled, closed structure, resulting in a swelling, that develops in the epididymis when the fluid cannot drain, possibly due to a blockage. These cysts are one of the most common conditions that occur inside the scrotum, can vary in size, and are generally painless. Atheroma Sebaceous gland cyst can appear anywhere on the skin, including the scrotum. Some specialists call them epidermoid cysts. Although these terms differ, both conditions can occur on the scrotum. Sebaceous cysts contain a clear, oily fluid, while epidermoid cysts contain a harder material. Sebaceous gland cysts develop due to blockage or damage to the sebaceous gland. Similarly, epidermoid cysts can appear after inflammation of the hair follicle. Other Causes of Scrotal Lumps In addition to cysts, there are a number of other possible causes of a scrotal lump. These may include:Buds; Hydrocele; Epididymitis; Varicocele; Inguinal hernia; Testicular torsion; Testicular cancer What are the symptoms of a scrotal cyst? A scrotal cyst often causes no symptoms. However, the following complaints can sometimes be experienced: A feeling of heaviness in the scrotum or testicles; Dull pain or discomfort, but not sharp pain; Swelling around the scrotum; A lump on or inside the scrotum that can vary in size. It is also possible for the cyst to become infected, which can cause additional pain. Some cysts may also rupture and release pus. When severe and sudden testicular pain occurs, it may be a sign of a more serious condition that may require immediate treatment. References: 1. National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI). Anatomy, Abdomen and Pelvis, Scrotum 2. Urology Care Foundation. Spermatoceles 3. National Health Service (NHS). Epididymal cyst 4. Healthy Male. Lumps in the scrotum